Self-adjoint commuting differential operators and commutative subalgebras of the Weyl algebra

In this paper we study self-adjoint commuting ordinary differential operators. We find sufficient conditions when an operator of fourth order commuting with an operator of order $4g+2$ is self-adjoint. We introduce an equation on coefficients of the self-adjoint operator of order four and some additional data. With the help of this equation we find the first example of commuting differential operators of rank two corresponding to a spectral curve of arbitrary genus. These operators have polynomial coefficients and define commutative subalgebras of the first Weyl algebra

Finite-gap minimal Lagrangian surfaces in CP2CP^2

In this paper we suggest a method for constructing minimal Lagrangian immersions of $R^2$ in $CP^2$ with induced diagonal metric in terms of Baker-Akhiezer functions of algebraic curves.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figur

Periodic and rapid decay rank two self-adjoint commuting differential operators

Self-adjoint rank two commuting ordinary differential operators are studied in this paper. Such operators with trigonometric, elliptic and rapid decay coefficients corresponding to hyperelliptic spectral curves are constructed. Some problems related to the Lame operator and rank two solutions of soliton equations are discussed.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figure

New Semi-Hamiltonian hierarchy related to integrable magnetic flows on surfaces

We consider magnetic geodesic flows on the 2-torus. We prove that the question of existence of polynomial in momenta first integrals on one energy level leads to a Semi-Hamiltonian system of quasi-linear equations, i.e. in the hyperbolic regions the system has Riemann invariants and can be written in conservation laws form

Hamiltonian minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in toric varieties

Hamiltonian minimality (H-minimality) for Lagrangian submanifolds is a symplectic analogue of Riemannian minimality. A Lagrangian submanifold is called H-minimal if the variations of its volume along all Hamiltonian vector fields are zero. This notion was introduced in the work of Y.-G. Oh in connection with the celebrated Arnold conjecture on the number of fixed points of a Hamiltonian symplectomorphism. In the previous works the authors defined and studied a family of H-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in complex space arising from intersections of Hermitian quadrics. Here we extend this construction to define H-minimal submanifolds in toric varieties.Comment: 2 pages, minor changes in version

In search of periodic solutions for a reduction of the Benney chain

We search for smooth periodic solutions for the system of quasi-linear PDEs known as the Lax dispersionless reduction of the Benney moments chain. It is naturally related to the existence of a polynomial in momenta integral for a Classical Hamiltonian system with 1,5 degrees of freedom. For the solution in question it is not known a-priori if the system is elliptic or hyperbolic or of mixed type. We consider two possible regimes for the solution. The first is the case of only one real eigenvalue, where we can completely classify the solutions. The second case of strict Hyperbolicity is really a challenge. We find a remarkable 2 by 2 reduction which is strictly Hyperbolic but violates the condition of genuine non-linearity.Comment: 10

Discretization of Baker-Akhiezer Modules and Commuting Difference Operators in Several Discrete Variables

We introduce the notion of discrete Baker-Akhiezer (DBA) modules, which are modules over the ring of difference operators, as a certain discretization of Baker-Akhiezer modules which are modules over the ring of differential operators. We use it to construct commuting difference operators with matrix coefficients in several discrete variables.Comment: 23 page

CFT exercises for the needs of AGT

An explicit check of the AGT relation between the W_N-symmetry controlled conformal blocks and U(N) Nekrasov functions requires knowledge of the Shapovalov matrix and various triple correlators for W-algebra descendants. We collect simplest expressions of this type for N=3 and for the two lowest descendant levels, together with the detailed derivations, which can be now computerized and used in more general studies of conformal blocks and AGT relations at higher levels.Comment: 29 page

Algebraic Birkhoff conjecture for billiards on Sphere and Hyperbolic plane

We consider a convex curve $\gamma$ lying on the Sphere or Hyperbolic plane. We study the problem of existence of polynomial in velocities integrals for Birkhoff billiard inside the domain bounded by $\gamma$. We extend the result by S. Bolotin (1992) and get new obstructions on polynomial integrability in terms of the dual curve $\Gamma$. We follow a method which was introduced by S. Tabachnikov for Outer billiards in the plane and was applied later on in our recent paper to Birkhoff billiards with the help of a new the so called Angular billiard.Comment: 10

Algebraic non-integrability of magnetic billiards

We consider billiard ball motion in a convex domain of the Euclidean plane bounded by a piece-wise smooth curve influenced by the constant magnetic field. We show that if there exists a polynomial in velocities integral of the magnetic billiard flow then every smooth piece $\gamma$ of the boundary must be algebraic and either is a circle or satisfies very strong restrictions. In particular in the case of ellipse it follows that magnetic billiard is algebraically not integrable for all magnitudes of the magnetic field. We conjecture that circle is the only integrable magnetic billiard not only in the algebraic sense, but for a broader meaning of integrability. We also introduce the model of Outer magnetic billiards. As an application of our method we prove analogous results on algebraically integrable Outer magnetic billiards